Who can interpret the Bible?

The interpretation of the Bible is a central aspect of Christian theology, and different denominations have varying views on who is qualified to undertake this task. The Roman Catholic Church, for instance, places the responsibility of authentic interpretation of the Bible in the hands of its Magisterium, which comprises the Pope and the bishops in communion with him.

“The task of interpreting the Word of God authentically has been entrusted solely to the magisterium of the Church, that is, to the Pope and to the bishops in communion with him.”
(1994 Catechism of the Catholic Church – Pg. 30, #100)

If this is true, then Christians are at the mercy of those higher up in the ranks to give a reliable interpretation of the Bible. The scriptures, however, teach that all believers (especially the teachers) must put in the necessary effort to interpret and understand the scriptures (2 Timothy 2:15).

The Scriptures also advocate for the priesthood of all believers, emphasizing that every Christian has the right and responsibility to interpret the Scriptures (1 Peter 2:9).   

Even if we look at the believers in the early church they faithfully interpreted the Scriptures and tested whatever was said against God’s word. 

Acts 17:11 (NKJV)
These were more fair-minded than those in Thessalonica, in that they received the word with all readiness, and searched the Scriptures daily to find out whether these things were so.

This example from the early church highlights the value placed on personal examination and interpretation of Scripture.

As we can see, the Word of God is not a secret book only understood by a select few; it is for all believers. While the Catholic tradition entrusts this task to a specific religious authority, Protestantism encourages individual believers to interpret the Scriptures, guided by the Holy Spirit and diligent study.